I've been exploring the uses of Dadegan, a database of Persian sentences that have been manually annotated with a syntactic analysis.
Here is a fairly simple example, where we search for the valence pattern of خوردن /khordan/ 'eat'
The first line shows the valence pattern. Pink is the subject, yellow is the object (and the را accusative marker is highlighted), and blue is the verb.
The screenshot doesn't show this, but when you put your mouse on the example sentences, various words in Farsi show the same highlights as the valence pattern. In the example selected, من غذا خوردهام, the subject is من /man/ 'I', the object is غذا /qaza/ 'food', and the verb is an inflected form of خوردن.
In the dependency analysis, the arc between the final verb and the subject is labelled فاعل ٫ /fa'al/ 'subject', and the arc between the object and the verb is labelled مفعول /mafa'ul/ 'object.
Each dependency analysis also has an abstract root, labelled ریشه ٫ /rishe/ 'root'.
Here is a more complex example of a screen shot from the Dadegan project:
This is a bit hard to interpret for a non-Persian speaker!
The analysis style is Dependency Grammar, in the style of Tesnĩere. Here is what I understand so far:
The search is for the verb رسیدن /rasidan/ 'arrive' . The results are grouped by the type of valence pattern that appears with this verb. When you click on a sentence, you see the dependency-tree analysis of it.
The first constituent is سنگئ که زورت نمی رسد, approximately 'the stone that you cannot move (?)'.
This is connected by an arc to the word بکن, which is the first verb of the sentence. The arc is labelled مفعول 'object/patient', so the first constituent is the object of the clause.
The relationship between بوشه and بکن is labelled فعل یار, which I think means something like 'co-verb'. (It seems to be literally 'friend of the verb'.) بوشه کردن /bushe kardan/ is a compound 'do a kiss';
The last two words are linked by و 'and'. The label between 'and' and its left sister is همپايه, which means 'cohort, equal'.
The main verb is بگذر, and I think this is the imperative of the verb گذر 'pass'. A helpful person at Wordreference suggests the translation 'If you cannot drag a stone from your way, kiss it and change your path.'
Here is a fairly simple example, where we search for the valence pattern of خوردن /khordan/ 'eat'
The first line shows the valence pattern. Pink is the subject, yellow is the object (and the را accusative marker is highlighted), and blue is the verb.
The screenshot doesn't show this, but when you put your mouse on the example sentences, various words in Farsi show the same highlights as the valence pattern. In the example selected, من غذا خوردهام, the subject is من /man/ 'I', the object is غذا /qaza/ 'food', and the verb is an inflected form of خوردن.
In the dependency analysis, the arc between the final verb and the subject is labelled فاعل ٫ /fa'al/ 'subject', and the arc between the object and the verb is labelled مفعول /mafa'ul/ 'object.
Each dependency analysis also has an abstract root, labelled ریشه ٫ /rishe/ 'root'.
Here is a more complex example of a screen shot from the Dadegan project:
This is a bit hard to interpret for a non-Persian speaker!
The analysis style is Dependency Grammar, in the style of Tesnĩere. Here is what I understand so far:
The search is for the verb رسیدن /rasidan/ 'arrive' . The results are grouped by the type of valence pattern that appears with this verb. When you click on a sentence, you see the dependency-tree analysis of it.
The first constituent is سنگئ که زورت نمی رسد, approximately 'the stone that you cannot move (?)'.
This is connected by an arc to the word بکن, which is the first verb of the sentence. The arc is labelled مفعول 'object/patient', so the first constituent is the object of the clause.
The relationship between بوشه and بکن is labelled فعل یار, which I think means something like 'co-verb'. (It seems to be literally 'friend of the verb'.) بوشه کردن /bushe kardan/ is a compound 'do a kiss';
The last two words are linked by و 'and'. The label between 'and' and its left sister is همپايه, which means 'cohort, equal'.
The main verb is بگذر, and I think this is the imperative of the verb گذر 'pass'. A helpful person at Wordreference suggests the translation 'If you cannot drag a stone from your way, kiss it and change your path.'
