Tuesday, February 14, 2012

Triqui topic marking

In a previous post, I talked about uses of the Copala Triqui morpheme ro' .  One frequent context is when two phrases are being compared with each other. More searching through the corpus shows that the words ase vaa 'like' often precede and daj or danj 'thus, likewise'  is often between the two phrases.

The following example shows two clauses that are compared: "just as [Christ rose] ro', so [he will descend to the world'":


(We also see here that ro'  doesn't have to be attached to noun phrases.)

The next example compares what he (Cornelius) and his family did:


(We see here also that ro' is not necessarily preverbal.)

One more example of this from our Address to the Triqui People text:



A rather different use of ro' seems to be involved in a structure which is NP-ro' [V pronoun ...], where the pronoun is resumptive to the NP:


Here the element with ro'  "young people" precedes the verb "listen"  and is resumed with the pronoun nij so'.

(This example is also rather neat with its initial cleft structure; the pre-cleft element is the object of 'listen (to)', which is embedded under 'have the obligation'.)

But the following two adjacent sentences show that a phrase with ro'  does not necessarily require a resumptive pronoun after the verb.  It is hard for me to say why one of these sentences has a resumptive and the other does not -- a speculation is that most of the phrases with ro'  are definite and 'each one' is not very definite.  So the daa 'o 'o determiner doesn't usually show up on phrases with ro' + resumptive.  However 'each one of the authorities together with all of their councils' is considerably more definite.  So perhaps definiteness accounts for the difference between sentences (23) and (24) below?


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